cmake的小记录，最近在Linux上整活，正好学一下

暂时不涉及库文件的生成

文件树

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# 项目标准文件树
.
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── include
├── linux.sh
└── src
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# cmake后的文件树，可执行文件在bin中，构建在build中
.
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── bin
├── build
├── include
├── linux.sh
└── src

CMakeLists.txt

CMakeLists

感觉CMakeLists放最顶层方便一点，当然模块化的话就通过add_subdirectory递归地构建，基本满足目前的99%需要

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cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)

# set the project name
project(test-cmake)

# bin file output
# you can also set others 
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/bin)

# include file path
include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)

# your source files
# you can also use 
# set(SRC_LIST ./src/main.cpp ./src/util.cpp ./src/nums.cpp)
aux_source_directory(src SRC_LIST)

if(UNIX)
	MESSAGE("\nThis is Linux.\n")
	# you can set some config here. 
	# add_compile_options(-std=c++17 -Wall) 
elseif(WIN32)
	MESSAGE("This is Windows.")
endif()

# compile_options
# for your gcc/g++
add_compile_options(-std=c++17 -O2 -lpthread -Wall)

# add the executable
add_executable(test-cmake ${SRC_LIST})

有了 CMakeLists.txt 就可以直接在根目录下执行 bash，完成构建和编译，以下给出脚本文件

Linux Bash

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mkdir ./build
cd ./build
cmake ..
cmake --build . # 统一的接口,不管底层是啥,直接--build即可,不然指明make或ninja等底层

Windows Bat

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md build
cd .\build
cmake ..
cmake --build .

链接第三方库文件

  • 头文件 - 开发时
  • 静态库.lib - 编译时
  • 动态库.dll - 运行时，不会！大佬教教！
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# 批量引入库文件和头文件
# REQUIRED：找不到库就报错
# COMPONENTS：从库中找子库（模块）xx，比如COMPONENTS Widget表示找到子模块Widget
find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED)
find_package(Qt5 COMPONENTS Core REQUIRED)

# OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS 是预定义变量，代表OpenCV库的头文件路径
include_directories(${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS}) 
 
# OpenCV_LIBS 是预定义变量，代表OpenCV库的lib库文件
target_link_libraries(YOUR_TARGET_NAME ${OpenCV_LIBS})

参考